Zooplanktón tatranských plies
Abstract
In order to describe and analyze the zooplankton fauna of the glacial lakes in the High Tatras Mts., totally 248 zooplankton samples of 146 glacial lakes were taken in the years 1992 and 1994-96. In the large size lakes samples of littoral and pelagic zones were collected individually, while in the smaller size lakes only one mixed sample was taken. Hierarchical cluster analysis was applied to compare the similarity of lakes based on relative abundance data. Only samples collected in 1992 were included to the analysis. In total, 26 species of the order Cladocera of the subclass Branchiopoda, 11 species of the subclass Copepoda, and 36 species of the phylum Rotifera were detected in the studied period. Reduction in species richness was detected in the order Cladocera and subclass Copepoda in comparison to the data published in the period 1882–1917. Five species, Camptocerrus rectirostris, Ceriodaphnia affilis, Ilyocryptus sordidus, Simocephalus exspinosus, and Pleuruxus striatus, of the order Cladocera were not detected in any glacial lake in the present study period. Significant reduction in the frequency of occurrence was detected in the species Cyclops tatricus and all species of the genus Calanida. Presently increased species richness was only found in the phylum Rotifera, 36 species in comparison to 22 species detected in the past. Species Kellicottia longispina and Conochilus hippocrepis were not found. Cluster analysis divided 146 glacial lakes into the 8 groups (clusters). The individual clusters (groups of lakes) may be characterized as follows: (1) the lakes with no presence of zooplankton; (2) the lakes dominated by Chydorus sphaericus, Eucyclops serrulatus, and Euchlanis dilatata; (3) so called ”independent lakes” with the occurrence of Ceriodaphnia quadrangula and species of the group Daphnia obtusa; (4) the lakes dominated by Daphnia rosea, (5) the lakes dominated by Artodiaptomus alpinus; (6) the lakes with dominance of Cyclops tatricus and Daphnia pulicaria; (7) the lakes with the only occurrence of the species Cyclop tatricus, Actrodiaptomus alpinus or in combination with Aplanchna priodonta resp. Ascomorpha ecaudis; (8) the naturally acid lakes with the dominance of rotifers Microcodon clavus, Lecane brachydactyla, L. intrasinuata, and other species of this genus. The current classification corresponds with the typology of the glacial lakes. The classification pattern is affected by analysis of single samples, however other approach to analyze zooplankton of 146 glacial lakes is not possible.
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